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Characteristics of paediatric hypopituitarism patients in Latvia: a single-centre 25-year retrospective study

Liga Kornete1, Darta Grunte1, Davis Zakis2

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradins University, Latvia.

Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism
|September 1, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Early diagnosis of hypopituitarism is crucial for children in Latvia. This study highlights the prevalence and treatment outcomes, emphasizing the need for increased awareness and tailored interventions for growth hormone deficiency.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Hormone Replacement Therapy
  • Growth Disorders

Background:

  • Hypopituitarism is a chronic condition involving deficient pituitary hormone secretion, with delayed diagnosis posing significant risks.
  • Early detection is vital to mitigate severe consequences in neonatal and adult stages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of hypopituitarism in Latvia.
  • To analyze the different types of hypopituitarism and their detection ages.
  • To evaluate treatment outcomes, particularly growth response, in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study analyzed 243 pediatric patients treated between 1995 and 2020.
  • Patients were categorized into isolated growth hormone deficiency, multiple pituitary hormone deficiency, and panhypopituitarism.
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings and treatment responses were assessed.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of hypopituitarism in Latvia is approximately 45 cases per 100,000 live births.
  • The average age of detection for growth abnormalities was 8 years and 3 months.
  • Isolated growth hormone deficiency was most common (67.1%), followed by multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (26.3%) and panhypopituitarism (6.6%).
  • Significant growth was observed in the first year of treatment across all subgroups, with panhypopituitarism patients showing the most substantial increase (11.7 cm).

Conclusions:

  • Increased awareness and early diagnosis of hypopituitarism in Latvia and Europe are essential.
  • Enhanced education for parents, caregivers, and specialists regarding growth restriction is necessary.
  • Individualized treatment plans focusing on physical, mental health, safety, and cost-effectiveness are recommended.
Abstract

Keywords:
endocrinologypanhypopituitarism.pituitary insufficiencypediatrics

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