[Changes in smoking cessation in Spain, 1987-2020]
Agustín Montes Martínez1, Mónica Pérez-Ríos1, Cristina Ortiz2
1Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela / Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS) Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España.
Medicina Clinica
|September 1, 2022
Summary
Smoking cessation rates in Spain have significantly increased since 1987. However, disparities in quitting persist across age and education levels, indicating growing inequity over 33 years.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Smoking cessation is a key public health goal.
- Understanding trends in smoking cessation is crucial for targeted interventions.
- Sociodemographic factors significantly influence smoking behaviors and cessation success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze and describe changes in smoking cessation rates in Spain from 1987 to 2020.
- To examine how smoking cessation trends vary by sociodemographic characteristics.
- To identify potential increases in health inequities related to smoking cessation.
Main Methods:
- Utilized historical data from the Spanish National Health Survey and the European Health Survey in Spain.
- Defined quit rate (QR) as former smokers among current or ever smokers.
- Employed Poisson regression models to analyze trends and sociodemographic differences in QR over time.
Main Results:
- A notable increase in standardized quit rate (QR) was observed between 1987 and 2017 (18.6%).
- Higher QR increases were seen in men, older age groups (over 64), and individuals with university education.
- Significant disparities in QR were detected based on age and educational level, indicating rising inequity.
Conclusions:
- Smoking cessation rates have risen sharply and consistently since 1987 in Spain.
- Significant differences in QR persist across age and educational attainment.
- The study highlights a substantial increase in health inequity related to smoking cessation over the observed 33-year period.
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