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Fiber Bragg grating sensor array for detecting heat flux in vacuum.

J B Titus¹, M E Griswold¹, E M Granstedt¹

¹TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, Lake Forest, California 92610, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|September 1, 2022

Summary

A new diagnostic system using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors effectively maps heat flux on the C-2W device wall. This innovation provides crucial data for understanding plasma behavior and improving fusion energy research.

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Area of Science:

Plasma Physics
Fusion Energy
Materials Science

Background:

The C-2W device at TAE Technologies produces advanced beam-driven field-reversed configuration plasmas.
Sustaining these plasmas requires sophisticated control systems and diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and implement a novel diagnostic for measuring heat flux along the vacuum vessel wall.
To create a detailed heat map of the vessel during plasma discharges.

Main Methods:

Utilized an industrial fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor array housed in a steel sheath.
Installed four vacuum-rated FBG arrays, each with 30 sensors spaced 0.15m apart on a 5m fiber.
Employed a 100 Hz acquisition rate to analyze reflected wavelengths sensitive to temperature and strain.

Main Results:

Successfully detected temperature changes along the vacuum vessel wall caused by plasma discharges.
Generated a 120-point heat map, providing spatial temperature distribution data.
Demonstrated the FBG system's capability to monitor heat flux in a fusion plasma environment.

Conclusions:

The FBG sensor array is a viable diagnostic for heat flux measurement in fusion devices.
This novel diagnostic contributes to understanding plasma-wall interactions.
The heat map data aids in optimizing plasma confinement and device performance.