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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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Subacute thyroiditis post viral vector vaccine for COVID-19.

Caoimhe Casey1, Tom Higgins1

  • 11University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland.

Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports
|September 2, 2022
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Subacute thyroiditis is a rare adverse effect that can occur after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. This case report details a patient who recovered spontaneously within five months, highlighting the importance of awareness for this treatable condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Subacute thyroiditis is an inflammatory thyroid condition linked to viral infections and vaccinations.
  • The widespread rollout of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has led to an increase in reported cases of thyroiditis post-vaccination.
  • Understanding these rare adverse effects is crucial for vaccine safety monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of subacute thyroiditis following the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AstraZeneca Vaxzevria).
  • To discuss the clinical course and spontaneous resolution of post-vaccination subacute thyroiditis.
  • To contribute to the literature on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-associated thyroiditis and review proposed mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 50-year-old female presenting with subacute thyroiditis.
  • Clinical observation of the thyrotoxic and hypothyroid phases.
  • Literature review of proposed mechanisms for vaccine-induced subacute thyroiditis.

Main Results:

  • The patient developed subacute thyroiditis 6 days post-ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination.
  • The condition presented with an initial thyrotoxic phase followed by overt hypothyroidism.
  • Thyroid function normalized spontaneously within 5 months without intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Subacute thyroiditis is a rare, treatable adverse effect associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
  • The reported case demonstrates spontaneous resolution, suggesting a generally favorable prognosis.
  • Increased awareness and literature contribute to understanding and managing this rare side effect without deterring vaccination efforts.