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Published on: November 13, 2016
Delayed union, non-union and mal-union in 442 dogs
William George Marshall1, Barbro Filliquist2, Emmanouil Tzimtzimis1
1Small Animal Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Older dogs, comminuted fractures, surgical site infections, and implant failures increase the risk of delayed or non-union in canine fractures. Toy breed radial fractures have a better prognosis than previously thought.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Orthopedics
- Canine Fracture Healing
- Surgical Outcomes
Background:
- Delayed union, non-union, and mal-union are potential complications following canine fractures.
- Understanding the prevalence and risk factors for these outcomes is crucial for effective treatment and prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of delayed union, non-union, and mal-union in canine fractures.
- To characterize factors associated with these healing complications.
- To identify specific risk factors contributing to delayed or non-union in dogs.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study analyzed clinical records and radiographs of 461 canine fractures from two teaching hospitals.
- Fracture, demographic, and treatment variables were collected and analyzed.
- Logistic regression identified risk factors for delayed or non-union.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of delayed union was 13.9%, non-union was 4.6%, and mal-union was 0.7%.
- Risk factors for delayed or non-union included older age (OR 1.21), comminuted fractures (OR 4.24), bone graft use (OR 3.32), surgical site infection (OR 3.24), and major implant failure (OR 12.94).
Conclusions:
- Older age, comminuted fractures, surgical site infections, and major implant failure are associated with increased odds of delayed or non-union in canine fractures.
- Radius and ulna fractures in toy breed dogs did not show increased odds of delayed or non-union.
- These findings aid in fracture planning, prognosis, and highlight a potentially better outlook for toy breed radial fractures.
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