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A neuropsychological hypothesis explaining posttraumatic stress disorders.

L C Kolb

    The American Journal of Psychiatry
    |August 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study suggests chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in veterans may stem from excessive brain stimulation causing neuronal changes. These changes could impair the brain's ability to control aggression and sleep patterns.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Psychiatry
    • Veterans' Health

    Background:

    • Chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects Vietnam combat veterans.
    • Research in psychophysiology and biochemistry provides new insights.
    • Peripheral sensory system defects from high-intensity stimulation offer an analogy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To hypothesize the neurobiological underpinnings of chronic PTSD.
    • To explore the role of excessive stimulation in PTSD development.
    • To explain persistent symptoms in PTSD.

    Main Methods:

    • Review and synthesis of existing psychophysiological and biochemical research.
    • Application of an analogy from peripheral sensory system research.
    • Hypothetical modeling of cortical changes in PTSD.

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    Main Results:

    • Hypothesizes that excessive, prolonged stimulation leads to cortical neuronal and synaptic changes.
    • Suggests these changes impair habituating learning.
    • Proposes that altered agonistic neuronal systems impair cortical control over aggression and sleep-dream cycles.

    Conclusions:

    • Cortical changes due to excessive stimulation may underlie chronic PTSD.
    • Impaired habituating learning and altered neuronal systems contribute to persistent symptoms.
    • This model offers a neurobiological explanation for key PTSD features.