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Stimuli-Responsive Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE)-Active Polymers for Biomedical Applications.

Pampa Chowdhury¹, Arnab Banerjee¹, Biswajit Saha¹

¹Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246 Nadia, West Bengal, India.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering

|September 2, 2022

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Stimuli-responsive polymers with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) overcome traditional quenching effects for advanced biomedical uses. These smart polymers offer tunable emission and enhanced photostability, paving the way for novel diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Area of Science:

Polymer Chemistry
Materials Science
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Traditional luminophores often exhibit aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), limiting their use in biological systems.
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials offer an alternative with enhanced fluorescence upon aggregation.
Stimuli-responsive polymers change properties in response to external signals, enabling smart material design.

Purpose of the Study:

To review advancements in stimuli-responsive polymers incorporating AIE characteristics for biomedical applications.
To categorize AIE-active polymers based on fluorophore type and stimuli responsiveness.
To highlight design strategies and diverse biomedical applications of these smart polymers.

Main Methods:

Categorization of AIE-active polymers into conventional π-π conjugated and nonconventional systems.

Keywords:

AIE feature aggregation-induced emission feature bioimaging cancer theranostic drug delivery stimuli-responsive polymer

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Subdivision of polymers based on responsiveness to stimuli including pH, redox, enzymes, ROS, and temperature.

Review of design strategies and documented biomedical applications.

Main Results:

AIE-active polymers demonstrate tunable emission, excellent photostability, and biocompatibility.
Integration of AIEgens into stimuli-responsive polymers creates versatile platforms for biomedical applications.
Applications span bioimaging, cancer theranostics, gene delivery, and antimicrobial strategies.

Conclusions:

Combining AIE properties with stimuli-responsive polymers is a powerful strategy for developing advanced biomedical materials.
These smart polymers offer significant potential for improved diagnostics and therapeutics.
Further research is needed to address current challenges and explore future perspectives in the field.