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Wnt5a-Ror2 signaling mediates root resorption.

Xinyi Li1, Shushu He1, Xiaoge Jiang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
|September 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Excessive force triggers Wnt5a-Ror2 signaling in periodontal ligament cells, increasing osteoclast activity and root resorption. Inhibiting this pathway reduces resorption, particularly in immature teeth, suggesting a therapeutic target for root resorption.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Orthodontics

Background:

  • Root resorption is a common complication of orthodontic treatment.
  • The role of Wnt5a-Ror2 signaling in root resorption is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Wnt5a-Ror2 signaling in root resorption.
  • To explore the potential of targeting this pathway for managing root resorption.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to measure Wnt5a, Ror2, and RANKL expression in periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) under compression force (CF).
  • Osteoclastogenesis was assessed in vitro using PDLC-conditioned media and in vivo using an animal model with microcomputed tomography and immunohistochemical staining.
  • Comparisons were made between immature and mature teeth.

Main Results:

  • Compression force (CF) increased Wnt5a, Ror2, and RANKL expression and protein release in PDLCs.
  • Ror2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly downregulated these molecules and inhibited osteoclastogenesis in vitro.
  • In vivo, CF increased odontoclast number and root resorption, while Ror2 siRNA treatment reduced these effects.
  • Immature teeth exhibited less root resorption and lower Wnt5a-Ror2 signaling compared to mature teeth.

Conclusions:

  • Wnt5a-Ror2 signaling, upregulated by excessive CF, promotes RANKL release and osteoclast differentiation, contributing to root resorption.
  • Inhibition of Wnt5a-Ror2 signaling reduces odontoclast activity and root resorption.
  • The reduced resorption in immature teeth may be attributed to lower Wnt5a-Ror2 signaling expression.