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Characterizing pharmacogenetic programs using the consolidated framework for implementation research: A structured

John H McDermott1,2, Stuart Wright3, Videha Sharma4

  • 1Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Medicine
|September 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pre-emptive pharmacogenetic testing programs face implementation barriers and facilitators. Key facilitators include positive culture and leadership, while clinician self-efficacy and cost are barriers.

Keywords:
implementation sciencemedical informaticspharmacogeneticspharmacogenomicsprecision medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacogenomics
  • Healthcare Implementation Science

Background:

  • Pre-emptive pharmacogenetic testing programs are emerging in healthcare.
  • These programs test individuals for genetic variations before prescribing medication.
  • Understanding implementation factors is crucial for program success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize barriers and facilitators influencing the development of pre-emptive pharmacogenetic testing programs.
  • To identify common implementation strategies across diverse programs.
  • To provide a resource for organizations developing similar initiatives.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of publications on pre-emptive pharmacogenetic testing programs.
  • Bidirectional citation searching and standardized data extraction.
  • Data synthesis using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).

Main Results:

  • 104 publications from 40 programs and 4 multi-center initiatives were analyzed.
  • Most programs were in the United States and high-income countries.
  • Facilitators included positive institutional culture, leadership engagement, stakeholder involvement, and clinical champions.
  • Barriers included clinician self-efficacy, lack of stakeholder knowledge, and intervention costs.

Conclusions:

  • Despite program heterogeneity, common implementation patterns exist, categorized by CFIR domains.
  • Leveraging identified facilitators can promote successful development and implementation of pharmacogenetic programs.
  • This review offers valuable insights for organizations planning pharmacogenetic testing initiatives.