Growth inhibition of putrefactive anaerobe 3679 caused by stringent-type response induced by protonophoric activity...

The inhibitory effects of potassium sorbate on the bioenergetics, phenylalanine uptake, protein synthesis, and certain aspects of cell regulation were examined in putrefactive anaerobe 3679. Undissociated sorbic acid appeared to act as a protonophore by lowering the intracellular pH and dissipating the proton motive force of the membrane. Sorbate inhibited the uptake of phenylalanine, decreased the rate of protein synthesis, and altered patterns of phosphorylated nucleotide accumulation, resulting in increased intracellular concentrations of GTP, ppGpp, and an unidentified compound (possibly pppGpp). The addition of a noninhibitory amount of tetracycline released the inhibition of growth by sorbate. Based on these results, we concluded that the inhibition of putrefactive anaerobe 3679 by sorbate resulted from a stringent-type regulatory response induced by the protonophoric activity of sorbic acid.