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Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Systems Biology of Metabolic Regulation by Estrogen Receptor Signaling in Breast Cancer
Published on: March 17, 2016
Role of estrogen receptors in health and disease
Peng Chen1, Bo Li1, Ling Ou-Yang1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Abstract:
Estrogen receptors (ERs) regulate multiple complex physiological processes in humans. Abnormal ER signaling may result in various disorders, including reproductive system-related disorders (endometriosis, and breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer), bone-related abnormalities, lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal disease, urogenital tract disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and cutaneous melanoma. ER alpha (ERα), ER beta (ERβ), and novel G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) have been identified as the most prominent ERs. This review provides an overview of ERα, ERβ, and GPER1, as well as their functions in health and disease. Furthermore, the potential clinical applications and challenges are discussed.
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