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Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma literature review: past, present, and future
Stephanie N Gregory1,2, A Leila Sarvestani1,2, Andrew M Blakely1,2
1National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Background And Objective:
Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is an insidious neoplasm that arises from the mesothelial lining of the abdominal cavity. Historically, outcomes of MPM were dismal, as MPM is relatively resistant to cytotoxic chemotherapy. However, with advances in technology and improved understanding of tumor pathophysiology, treatments for MPM have produced encouraging 5-year survival. The standard of care for patients with resectable disease remains cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC). Patients with inoperable MPM can be offered several systemic treatments, including chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, or investigational treatments. Our objective is to provide an overview of our current knowledge concerning MPM and latest advances in treatment.
Methods:
Narrative overview of the literature published in English from database origin until January 31, 2022 relating to MPM was searched in PubMed database, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov.
Key Content And Findings:
CRS-HIPEC has offered improved survival for surgical candidates, however outcomes for inoperable MPM remains dismal. With advancements in technology and better understanding of underlying MPM biology, new treatment approaches are arising and imperative.
Conclusions:
MPM is a rare and lethal disease of the peritoneum. CRS-HIPEC remains the standard of care for resectable disease. In 2022, several clinical trials are available for patients with MPM offering future advances in therapy and further understanding of this rare disease process.
Insights
Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) treatment has improved, with cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) being standard for resectable cases. New therapies offer hope for inoperable MPM patients.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Surgical Oncology
- Medical Oncology
Background:
- Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare abdominal cancer with historically poor prognosis.
- MPM exhibits resistance to traditional chemotherapy.
- Recent advancements have led to improved survival rates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of current knowledge on MPM.
- To highlight the latest advancements in MPM treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of English-language studies.
- Databases searched include PubMed, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov.
- Data cutoff date was January 31, 2022.
Main Results:
- Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) improves survival for operable MPM.
- Outcomes for inoperable MPM remain challenging.
- Emerging treatments and a better understanding of MPM biology are driving new therapeutic approaches.
Conclusions:
- MPM is a rare and aggressive peritoneal malignancy.
- CRS-HIPEC is the established standard for resectable MPM.
- Ongoing clinical trials in 2022 promise further therapeutic advancements and deeper insights into MPM.
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