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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Screening and Identification of RNA Silencing Suppressors from Secreted Effectors of Plant Pathogens
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Screening and Identification of RNA Silencing Suppressors from Secreted Effectors of Plant Pathogens

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Small RNA-based plant protection against diseases.

Özlem Bilir1, Deniz Göl2, Yiguo Hong2,3

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Trakya Agricultural Research Institute, Edirne, Turkey.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|September 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small RNAs (sRNAs) offer eco-friendly crop protection by silencing pathogen genes. Host-Induced Gene Silencing (HIGS) and Spray-Induced Gene Silencing (SIGS) are promising RNA interference strategies against plant diseases.

Keywords:
HIGSSIGSpathogensplant protectionsRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Plant pathology
  • Molecular biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Plant diseases significantly reduce crop yield and quality, threatening food security.
  • RNA interference (RNAi) pathways, involving small RNAs (sRNAs) like microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA), regulate gene expression.
  • sRNAs can be utilized for environmentally friendly crop protection strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of sRNAs in combating plant pathogens.
  • To discuss the application of Host-Induced Gene Silencing (HIGS) and Spray-Induced Gene Silencing (SIGS) methods.
  • To analyze the advantages and drawbacks of sRNA-based crop protection approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on sRNA-mediated gene silencing in plant-pathogen interactions.
  • Focus on Host-Induced Gene Silencing (HIGS) where plants produce sRNAs to silence pathogen genes.
  • Focus on Spray-Induced Gene Silencing (SIGS) where exogenous sRNAs are applied to silence pathogen genes.

Main Results:

  • sRNAs from host plants can enter pathogen cells and silence pathogen genes.
  • HIGS and SIGS have demonstrated potential in controlling various plant pathogens.
  • Both HIGS and SIGS leverage the natural RNA interference machinery for targeted gene silencing.

Conclusions:

  • sRNA-based strategies like HIGS and SIGS represent a promising avenue for sustainable crop protection.
  • These RNA interference methods offer an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional pesticides.
  • Further research is needed to optimize HIGS and SIGS for broad-scale agricultural application, considering their respective advantages and limitations.