Frequency-Domain Spectroscopic Study of the Photosystem I Supercomplexes, Isolated IsiA Monomers, and the Intact IsiA...

The PSI₃-IsiA₁₈ supercomplex is one of the largest and most complicated assemblies in photosynthesis. The IsiA ring, composed of 18 IsiA monomers (IsiA₁₈) surrounding the PSI trimer (PSI₃), forms under iron-deficient conditions in cyanobacteria and acts as a peripheral antenna. Based on the supercomplex structure recently determined via cryo-EM imaging, we model various optical spectra of the IsiA monomers and IsiA₁₈ ring. Comparison of the absorption and emission spectra of the isolated IsiA monomers and the full ring reveals that about 2.7 chlorophylls (Chls) are lost in the isolated IsiA monomers. The best fits for isolated monomers spectra are obtained assuming the absence of Chl 508 and Chl 517 and 70% loss of Chl 511. The best model describing all three hexamers and the entire ring suggests that the lowest energy pigments are Chls 511, 514, and 517. Based on the modeling results presented in this work, we conclude that there are most likely three entry points for EET from the IsiA₆ hexamer to the PSI core monomer, with two of these entry points likely being located next to each other (i.e., nine entry points from IsiA₁₈ to the PSI₃ trimer). Finally, we show that excitation energy transfer inside individual monomers is fast (<2 ps at T = 5 K) and at least 20 times faster than intermonomer energy transfer.