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Updated: Aug 29, 2025

A Neuroscientific Approach to the Examination of Concussions in Student-Athletes
Published on: December 8, 2014
Long-term post-concussion symptoms
Ola H Skjeldal1, Toril Skandsen2, Einar Kinge3
1Sandvika Nevrosenter, og, Nevropsykiatrisk klinikk, Sahlgrenska sjukhuset, Universitetet i Göteborg.
Abstract:
Concussion is common and usually resolves without complications. However, persistent symptoms occur in 10-15 % of patients. These post-concussion symptoms are predominantly somatic, cognitive and emotional. The condition is most common in those with previous somatic and mental health issues. The causes underlying long-term post-concussion symptoms are unclear, but a biopsychosocial explanatory model is currently regarded as the most appropriate basis for diagnosis and treatment. This clinical review article is based on key literature and our own clinical experiences with patients who have these long-term post-concussion symptoms.
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