Methylation levels assessment with Methylation-Sensitive High-Resolution Melting (MS-HRM)

Testing for disease-related DNA methylation changes provides clinically relevant information in personalized patient care. Methylation-Sensitive High-Resolution Melting (MS-HRM) is a method used for measuring methylation changes and has already been used in diagnostic settings. This method utilizes one set of primers that initiate the amplification of both methylated and non-methylated templates. Therefore, the quantification of the methylation levels using MS-HRM is hampered by the PCR bias phenomenon. Some approaches have been proposed to calculate the methylation level of samples using the high-resolution melting (HRM) curves. However, limitations of the methylation calculation using MS-HRM have not been evaluated systematically and comprehensively. We used the Area Under the Curve (AUC), a derivative of the HRM curves, and least square approximation (LSA) to establish a procedure that allowed us to infer methylation levels in an MS-HRM experiment and assess the limitations of that procedure for the assays' specific methylation level measurement. The developed procedure allowed, with certain limitations, estimation of the methylation levels using HRM curves.