Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Thermodynamic Systems01:06

Thermodynamic Systems

5.4K
A thermodynamic system is a set of objects whose thermodynamic properties are of interest. The system is considered to be embedded in its surroundings or the environment. The system and its environment can exchange heat and do work on each other through a boundary that separates them. However, the immediate surroundings of the system interact with it directly and therefore have a much stronger influence on its behavior and properties.
Consider an example of  tea boiling in a kettle. The...
5.4K
The First Law of Thermodynamics01:13

The First Law of Thermodynamics

6.1K
The first law of thermodynamics deals with the total amount of energy in the universe. It states that this total amount of energy is constant. In other words, there has always been, and always will be, exactly the same amount of energy in the universe. Energy exists in many different forms. According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy may transfer from place to place or transform into different forms, but it cannot be created or destroyed. The transfers and transformations of energy...
6.1K
Second Law of Thermodynamics02:49

Second Law of Thermodynamics

24.2K
In the quest to identify a property that may reliably predict the spontaneity of a process, a promising candidate has been identified: entropy. Processes that involve an increase in entropy of the system (ΔS > 0) are very often spontaneous; however, examples to the contrary are plentiful. By expanding consideration of entropy changes to include the surroundings, a significant conclusion regarding the relation between this property and spontaneity may be reached. In thermodynamic...
24.2K
Entropy within the Cell01:22

Entropy within the Cell

11.3K
A living cell's primary tasks of obtaining, transforming, and using energy to do work may seem simple. However, the second law of thermodynamics explains why these tasks are harder than they appear. None of the energy transfers in the universe are completely efficient. In every energy transfer, some amount of energy is lost in a form that is unusable. In most cases, this form is heat energy. Thermodynamically, heat energy is defined as the energy transferred from one system to another that...
11.3K
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics01:20

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

3.0K
The second law of thermodynamics can be stated quantitatively using the concept of entropy. Entropy is the measure of disorder of the system.
The relation  between entropy and disorder can be illustrated with the example of the phase change of ice to water. In ice, the molecules are located at specific sites giving a solid state, whereas, in a liquid form, these molecules are much freer to move. The molecular arrangement has therefore become more randomized. Although the change in average...
3.0K
The Second Law of Thermodynamics01:14

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

5.5K
In the quest to identify a property that may reliably predict the spontaneity of a process, a promising candidate has been identified: entropy. Scientists refer to the measure of randomness or disorder within a system as entropy. High entropy means high disorder and low energy. To better understand entropy, think of a student’s bedroom. If no energy or work were put into it, the room would quickly become messy. It would exist in a very disordered state, one of high entropy. Energy must be...
5.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Experimental demonstration of enhanced displacement by phase separation in a two-dimensional milli-model in viscously unstable fluid displacement.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Periodic Precipitation in Hele-Shaw Cells: Mechanism Insights from Experiments and Numerical Simulation Considering Layer Thickness Effects.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2025
Same author

Hydrogel formation by liquid-solid phase transition of hagfish intermediate filament protein condensates.

Soft matter·2025
Same author

Reaction Kinetics with Multiorder Cavity Modes under Vibrational Strong Coupling.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025
Same author

Spectral Heterogeneity of Thioflavin T Binding to Aβ42:Aβ40 Mixed Fibrils: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease Screening.

ACS omega·2025
Same author

Changes in Adsorption, Aggregation, and Diffusion Nature of Amyloid β on a Lipid Membrane in an Open System.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Detecting and Characterizing Protein Self-Assembly In Vivo by Flow Cytometry
05:58

Detecting and Characterizing Protein Self-Assembly In Vivo by Flow Cytometry

Published on: July 17, 2019

11.1K

Tunability of Self-Organized Structures Based on Thermodynamic Flux.

Hideki Nabika1,2, Kanta Tsukada2, Masaki Itatani2

  • 1Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, 1-4-12, Kojirakawa, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|September 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Nature

More Related Videos

Thermodynamics of Membrane Protein Folding Measured by Fluorescence Spectroscopy
10:09

Thermodynamics of Membrane Protein Folding Measured by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Published on: April 28, 2011

18.4K
In Vitro Reconstitution of Self-Organizing Protein Patterns on Supported Lipid Bilayers
08:10

In Vitro Reconstitution of Self-Organizing Protein Patterns on Supported Lipid Bilayers

Published on: July 28, 2018

12.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Detecting and Characterizing Protein Self-Assembly In Vivo by Flow Cytometry
05:58

Detecting and Characterizing Protein Self-Assembly In Vivo by Flow Cytometry

Published on: July 17, 2019

11.1K
Thermodynamics of Membrane Protein Folding Measured by Fluorescence Spectroscopy
10:09

Thermodynamics of Membrane Protein Folding Measured by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Published on: April 28, 2011

18.4K
In Vitro Reconstitution of Self-Organizing Protein Patterns on Supported Lipid Bilayers
08:10

In Vitro Reconstitution of Self-Organizing Protein Patterns on Supported Lipid Bilayers

Published on: July 28, 2018

12.3K

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Complex Systems

Background:

  • Nature self-organizes matter into complex structures.
  • Understanding selection rules for self-organization is crucial for science and technology.
  • Reaction-diffusion systems provide models for studying self-organization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the selection rule governing self-organization in reaction-diffusion systems.
  • To investigate the Liesegang phenomenon as a model for periodic pattern formation.
  • To understand how mass flux influences self-organized structure and periodicity.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic experimental variation of mass flux in the Liesegang phenomenon.
  • Observation of self-organized periodic precipitation patterns.
  • Numerical analysis to attribute structural transitions to entropy production.

Main Results:

  • Low mass flux resulted in vertically periodic patterns.
  • High mass flux led to horizontally periodic patterns.
  • A structural transition from vertical to horizontal periodicity was observed at a crossover flux where entropy production reversed.

Conclusions:

  • Self-organized structures transition between vertical and horizontal periodicity based on mass flux.
  • The selection of self-organized patterns is driven by maximizing entropy production rate.
  • Findings advance understanding of nature's control over self-organized structures and geometry.