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Related Concept Videos

Green Algae01:21

Green Algae

111
Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
111
Red Algae01:23

Red Algae

115
Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...
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Other Algae01:19

Other Algae

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The group Stramenopiles include some phototrophic microorganisms. Members of this group possess flagella covered in numerous short, hairlike extensions, a feature that inspired the group's name, derived from the Latin words for "straw" and "hair." Some of the main categories of Stramenopiles include diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae.Diatoms are unicellular, photosynthetic eukaryotes, with over 200 known genera. They play a key role in the planktonic communities of both marine and...
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Overview of Algae01:28

Overview of Algae

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The kingdom Archaeplastida encompasses red and green algae, along with land plants. Unlike other protists with chloroplasts that arose through secondary endosymbiosis, only red and green algae originated from primary endosymbiotic events. This diverse group of eukaryotic organisms contains chlorophyll and performs oxygenic photosynthesis.Algae exist in various forms, from large brown kelp in coastal waters to green scum in puddles and stains on rocks or soil. Some species are responsible for...
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Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides01:26

Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides

70
Polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch are synthesized from nucleoside diphosphate sugars, primarily uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG). These activated glucose donors act as key intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis. UDPG primarily involves glycogen synthesis in animals and many bacteria, while ADPG plays a fundamental role in starch synthesis in plants and certain bacteria.UDPG is formed when glucose-1-phosphate reacts with...
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Microalgae as feedstock for bioactive polysaccharides.

Latifa Tounsi1, Faiez Hentati2, Hajer Ben Hlima3

  • 1Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Équipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia; Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|September 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Microalgae are a valuable source of bioactive compounds like exopolysaccharides (EPS), offering health benefits and diverse industrial applications. This review details their extraction, production optimization, and nutraceutical potential.

Keywords:
Bioactive polysaccharidesBiological activitiesBiotechnological applicationCulture conditionsMicroalgae

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Marine Biology
  • Nutraceutical Science

Background:

  • Microalgae are increasingly recognized for their rich content of bioactive compounds, including exopolysaccharides (EPS).
  • These compounds possess significant nutraceutical potential and health benefits, driving industrial demand.
  • Applications span cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food, and biofuels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods for extracting and purifying microalgal polysaccharides.
  • To summarize factors influencing microalgae growth and polysaccharide production.
  • To discuss the health claims and biotechnological potential of marine algal bioactive polysaccharides.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on extraction, purification, and cultivation of microalgae.
  • Analysis of parameters affecting microalgal growth and metabolic output.
  • Synthesis of data on health benefits and applications of algal polysaccharides.

Main Results:

  • Various extraction and purification techniques for microalgal polysaccharides are described.
  • Key parameters influencing microalgae growth and polysaccharide yield are identified.
  • Significant health and nutraceutical properties of algal polysaccharides are highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • Microalgae represent a promising source for biosourced molecules, particularly bioactive polysaccharides.
  • Optimizing cultivation and extraction is crucial for maximizing their biotechnological potential.
  • Algal polysaccharides offer substantial opportunities in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.