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Author Spotlight: Assessing Ischemic Stroke Damage Through Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model
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Stroke in young adults, stroke types and risk factors: a case control study
Priscilla Namaganda1, Jane Nakibuuka2, Mark Kaddumukasa3
1Kiruddu National Referral Hospital, P.O. Box 6553, Kampala, Uganda. prissyns@gmail.com.
BMC Neurology
|September 6, 2022
Summary
In Ugandan young adults, ischemic stroke is more common. Key risk factors include HIV infection, high waist-to-hip ratio, and sickle cell disease, with oral contraceptive use showing a protective effect.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Stroke is a leading cause of death globally, particularly devastating in young adults due to long-term disability.
- Limited data exists on stroke incidence and risk factors in young adults in Uganda.
- This study addresses the knowledge gap regarding stroke in young adults at Mulago hospital.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency and subtypes of stroke in young adults.
- To identify significant risk factors associated with stroke in this demographic.
- To investigate potential protective factors against stroke in young adults.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study was conducted from September 2015 to March 2016 at Mulago hospital.
- Stroke was confirmed and classified using brain Computerized Tomography (CT) scans.
- Controls were matched for age and sex; conditional logistic regression analyzed risk factors.
Main Results:
- Ischemic stroke (76.5%) was more prevalent than hemorrhagic stroke (23.5%) among 51 young adult stroke patients.
- Identified risk factors included HIV infection (OR 3.57), elevated waist-to-hip ratio (OR 11.59), and sickle cell disease (OR 4.68).
- Oral contraceptive use demonstrated a protective effect (OR 0.27), while hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia showed no association.
Conclusions:
- Ischemic stroke is the predominant type among young adults in this Ugandan population.
- HIV infection, elevated waist-to-hip ratio, and sickle cell disease are significant risk factors for stroke in young adults.
- Further research into these specific risk factors and protective measures is warranted for targeted prevention strategies.
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