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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

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Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
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Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications01:19

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Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

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Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned...
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Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

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Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
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Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

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Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
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Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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International Consensus Statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Jolie L Chang1, Andrew N Goldberg1, Jeremiah A Alt2

  • 1University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.

International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology
|September 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This consensus statement consolidates evidence on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) for clinical management. It identifies knowledge gaps and future research needs to improve diagnosis and treatment of adult OSA patients.

Keywords:
PAP adherenceatrial fibrillationcardiovascular eventcerebrovascular diseaseconsensusdementiaevidence-based medicinehome sleep apnea testinghypertensionhypoglossal nerve stimulationmortalitymotor vehicle accidentsneurocognitive functionobstructive sleep apneaoutcomesperioperative managementpolysomnographypositive airway pressurescreeningsleepsleep disordered breathingsleep surgerysleepinesssurgical outcomessystematic reviewtreatment outcomesuvulopalatopharyngoplasty

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Area of Science:

  • Sleep Medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a significant clinical challenge requiring consolidated evidence for effective patient management.
  • An international multidisciplinary expert collaborative developed the International Consensus statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea (ICS:OSA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To consolidate current literature on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
  • To determine key factors for clinical management of adult OSA patients.
  • To establish a resource for evidence-based practice and identify future research needs in OSA.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review (LR), evidence-based review (EBR), and evidence-based review with recommendations (EBR-R) formats were used for focal OSA topics.
  • Available evidence was summarized and graded for study quality.
  • The ICS:OSA was created through iterative review and author consensus.

Main Results:

  • The ICS:OSA covers OSA definitions, pathophysiology, epidemiology, risk factors, screening, diagnostics, and treatment modalities.
  • Specific evaluations included outcomes of positive airway pressure (PAP) and surgical treatments for OSA.
  • The consensus statement addresses the effects of OSA treatment on associated comorbidities.

Conclusions:

  • The ICS:OSA consolidates existing knowledge and highlights limitations in current OSA evidence.
  • Future research is needed to improve OSA metrics, screening, PAP adherence, treatment selection, and individualized therapy.
  • This consensus aims to guide evidence-based practice and future research directions for obstructive sleep apnea.