Electron-acoustic solitary potential in nonextensive streaming plasma

Area of Science:

• Plasma Physics
• Nonlinear Dynamics
• Space Physics

Background:

• Electron-acoustic (EA) solitons are crucial in understanding wave propagation in plasmas.
• Electron-ion (EI) plasmas with superthermal electrons exhibit complex behaviors.
• Previous models often neglect the influence of superthermal electrons and streaming effects.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the linear and nonlinear propagation of EA solitons in EI plasmas with negative superthermal electrons.
• To investigate the impact of superthermal electrons and streaming on EA soliton dynamics.
• To explore the instability and deformation of EA excitations beyond standard Korteweg-de-Vries (KdV) theory.

Main Methods:

• Utilized magnetic hydrodynamic (MHD) equations and reductive perturbation technique to derive the KdV equation.
• Employed the modified double Laplace decomposition method (MDLDM) for approximate and series solutions.
• Conducted numerical analysis to study the effects of superthermal electrons and plasma parameters.

Main Results:

• The KdV equation admits soliton solutions influenced by superthermal electrons and streaming.
• MDLDM provides approximate wave solutions, revealing instability and wave profile deformation not seen in basic KdV theory.
• Superthermal electron temperature and random motion significantly alter EA wave speed, steeping, dispersion, pulse amplitude, and spatial extension.

Conclusions:

• Superthermal electrons play a critical role in shaping EA soliton properties in EI plasmas.
• The derived approximate solutions offer insights into complex wave behaviors, including instabilities.
• Results are relevant for understanding electron dynamics in environments like Earth's magnetosphere and ionosphere.