Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 29, 2025
06:55
Ileectomy-induced Bile Overaccumulation in Mouse Intestine
Published on: August 21, 2017
9.6K
Bile acids, gut microbiota and metabolic surgery
Jui Tu1,2, Yangmeng Wang1, Lihua Jin1
1Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Frontiers in Endocrinology
|September 8, 2022
Summary
Metabolic surgery, including Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy (VSG) and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB), effectively treats obesity. Research is exploring gut hormones, bile acids, and microbiota to understand these bariatric surgery mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Metabolic surgery and obesity research.
- Gastroenterology and endocrinology.
- Microbiome and metabolic health.
Background:
- Metabolic surgery, including Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy (VSG) and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB), is the most effective obesity treatment.
- Mechanisms underlying bariatric surgery's efficacy remain incompletely understood.
- Obesity is a global health crisis necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and compare recent advancements in understanding the mechanisms of VSG and RYGB.
- To highlight the roles of gut hormones, bile acids, and gut microbiota in metabolic surgery outcomes.
- To identify potential targets for future pharmacotherapeutic interventions for obesity and diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current scientific research on metabolic surgery mechanisms.
- Analysis of studies investigating gut hormones (GLP-1, PYY), bile acids, and gut microbiota.
- Comparison of findings related to VSG and RYGB procedures.
Main Results:
- Gut hormones like GLP-1 and PYY are implicated in satiety and glucose control post-surgery.
- Bile acids and their receptors (FXR, TGR5) play a role in metabolic regulation influenced by bariatric procedures.
- Alterations in gut microbiota composition and function are associated with metabolic improvements after surgery.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the mechanisms of metabolic surgery involves multiple factors including gut hormones, bile acids, and microbiota.
- Further research into these mechanisms could lead to non-invasive treatments for obesity and type 2 diabetes.
- Metabolic surgery research aims to inform the development of new pharmacotherapies for metabolic diseases.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management
196
Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
196
01:23Anatomy of the Intestines
73.1K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
73.1K
01:17Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction
527
Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
527
01:29Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine
596
The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
596
01:50What is Monogastric Digestion?
72.1K
The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
72.1K
01:29Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care
123
The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:
Assessment:
123