Air pollution and cardiovascular diseases: A position paper

Area of Science:

• Environmental Health
• Cardiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Air pollution is a major environmental health risk factor globally.
• Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the primary cause of mortality worldwide.
• A strong link exists between air pollution exposure and CVD development.

Framework:

• This paper reviews key air pollutants and their mechanisms in promoting cardiovascular disease.
• It summarizes evidence linking air pollution to coronary events, stroke, heart failure, and mortality.
• The discussion is informed by the European Society of Cardiology guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention.

Implementation:

• Focus on identifying and understanding the impact of specific air pollutants.
• Synthesize existing epidemiological and clinical data on air pollution and cardiovascular outcomes.
• Integrate findings with established cardiovascular prevention strategies.

Implications:

• Increased awareness and literacy regarding air pollution's cardiovascular risks are essential, particularly in Portugal.
• Policy and public health interventions should aim to mitigate air pollution exposure.
• Further research may refine understanding and prevention efforts for pollution-related cardiovascular disease.