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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Rapid, Scalable Assembly and Loading of Bioactive Proteins and Immunostimulants into Diverse Synthetic Nanocarriers Via Flash Nanoprecipitation
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Hijacking Self-Assembly to Establish Intracellular Functional Nanoparticles.

Yang Liu1, Yuchen Wang1, Chao Wang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School and School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|September 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel nanomedicine strategy by hijacking iron, a hemorrhage byproduct, to self-assemble into functional nanoparticles within tumor cells. This approach enhances anti-tumor immunity and significantly inhibits tumor growth.

Keywords:
efferocytosis of erythrocytesendogenous metabolitesintracellular self-assemblynanomedicine targetingvascular-disrupting agent

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cancer Therapy

Background:

  • Targeted nanomedicine delivery faces challenges from biological events.
  • Viruses utilize host cell machinery for replication, offering inspiration for drug delivery strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a strategy for hijacking endogenous biological products to assemble intracellular functional nanoparticles.
  • To investigate the potential of bisphosphonate-loaded nanoparticles in cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Injected cell-permeable bisphosphonate drugs to hijack iron post-tumor vessel destruction therapy.
  • Self-assembly of bisphosphonate and iron into peroxidase-like nanoparticles within tumor-infiltrating macrophages.
  • Assessed nanoparticle effects on macrophage immune activation, polarization, and T cell recruitment in vitro and in vivo.

Main Results:

  • Generated nanoparticles specifically stressed mitochondria, activating macrophages.
  • Repolarized tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) from immunosuppressive to tumoricidal phenotypes.
  • Increased T cell infiltration into tumors and significantly inhibited tumor growth compared to vascular-disrupting agents alone.

Conclusions:

  • Hijacking endogenous iron with bisphosphonate enables intracellular nanoparticle fabrication for enhanced cancer therapy.
  • This self-assembly strategy offers a new nanotechnology approach for drug delivery and small molecule drug development.
  • The method shows potential for reprogramming the tumor microenvironment and boosting anti-tumor immunity.