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Related Concept Videos

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Overview01:15

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Overview

4.1K
Carboxylic acid derivatives are formed by replacing the hydroxyl group of carboxylic acids with a different functional group. The most common carboxylic acid derivatives are:
4.1K
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides01:16

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides

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Naming Acid Halides
The IUPAC and common names of acid halides are derived from the corresponding carboxylic acids, by changing “ic acid” to “yl halide.” For example, as shown below, the IUPAC name ethanoyl chloride is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetyl chloride, is obtained from acetic acid.
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Reactions of Carboxylic Acids: Introduction01:41

Reactions of Carboxylic Acids: Introduction

3.2K
Carboxylic acids possess an acidic –COOH functional group. The acidity can be attributed to the resonance stabilization of their conjugate base, wherein the negative charge is delocalized over both oxygen atoms.
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Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases02:16

Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

19.8K
In 1923, the Brønsted–Lowry definition of acids and bases was proposed by Johannes Brønsted and Thomas Lowry. According to this theory, a Brønsted acid is defined as a species that donates a proton in a chemical reaction and gets converted to its conjugate base. A Brønsted base is defined as a species that accepts a proton in a chemical reaction and gets converted into its conjugate acid. These transfers of protons are caused by the displacement of electrons in these reactions, which is...
19.8K
Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids01:31

Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids

5.3K
Carboxylic acids with lower molecular weight exhibit a sharp and unpleasant odor. They also have higher boiling and melting points than analogous compounds, such as aldehydes, ketones, and alcohols.
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Substituent Effects on Acidity of Carboxylic Acids01:31

Substituent Effects on Acidity of Carboxylic Acids

7.0K
The acidity of carboxylic acids is influenced by the nature of the substituents bounded to the functional group. The acid strength is determined by the stability of the carboxylate anion—the conjugate base formed by dissociating the corresponding carboxylic acid.
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Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy
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Liquid Sunshine: Formic Acid.

Shengliang Zhai1, Shuchao Jiang1, Chengcheng Liu1

  • 1Institute of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|September 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Formic acid (FA)/formate offers a promising "liquid sunshine" alternative to alcohols for green fuel production. FA/formate synthesis and hydrogen release occur under mild conditions, reducing energy input compared to alcohol-based systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Green chemistry and renewable energy technologies.
  • Catalysis and sustainable fuel development.

Background:

  • Alcohols are favored "liquid sunshine" fuels but require harsh conditions for synthesis and hydrogen release.
  • High energy input for alcohol-based liquid sunshine limits its widespread adoption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose formic acid (FA)/formate as a viable "liquid sunshine" fuel.
  • To evaluate the feasibility of FA/formate as a green liquid fuel and hydrogen carrier.
  • To review recent advancements in CO2 hydrogenation to FA/formate and subsequent dehydrogenation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on CO2 hydrogenation to FA/formate.
  • Analysis of FA/formate dehydrogenation processes under mild conditions.
  • Conceptual outlining of FA/formate as a "liquid sunshine" energy system.

Main Results:

  • Formic acid (FA)/formate synthesis and dehydrogenation can be achieved under mild reaction conditions.
  • FA/formate demonstrates potential as a liquid organic hydrogen carrier.
  • FA/formate presents a promising alternative to alcohols for "liquid sunshine" applications.

Conclusions:

  • Formic acid (FA)/formate is a feasible and promising "liquid sunshine" fuel supplement.
  • Mild reaction conditions for FA/formate offer significant advantages over alcohol-based systems.
  • Further research into applications, challenges, and opportunities for FA/formate is warranted.