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Precision Ultrasound-guided Stem Cell Delivery for Vascular Repair in Aortic Diseases

Precision Ultrasound-guided Stem Cell Delivery for Vascular Repair in Aortic Diseases

Published on: June 20, 2025

Targeting autophagy in aortic aneurysm and dissection.

Ze-Min Fang¹, Xin Feng¹, Yue Chen¹

¹Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie

|September 9, 2022

Summary

Autophagy, a cellular process, is implicated in aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD). While its role is debated, targeting autophagy may offer new therapeutic strategies for this serious aortic disease.

Keywords:

Aortic aneurysm Aortic dissection Autophagy Metformin Rapamycin Single-cell RNA sequencing

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Area of Science:

Cellular Biology
Cardiovascular Medicine
Molecular Biology

Background:

Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process crucial for maintaining homeostasis.
Evidence links autophagy to cardiovascular diseases including aneurysm, aortic dissection, atherosclerosis, and ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD) is a severe condition lacking effective drug treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

To review experimental evidence on autophagy's role in aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD).
To discuss the controversial functions of autophagy in AAD pathogenesis.
To explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy for AAD.

Main Methods:

Literature review of experimental studies on autophagy in AAD.
Analysis of research on autophagy-related genes (e.g., ATG5, ATG7).
Examination of studies investigating autophagy activators (e.g., rapamycin, metformin) in AAD models.
Inclusion of recent single-cell RNA sequencing research on AAD.

Main Results:

Autophagy is activated in AAD, but its precise role remains controversial.
Inhibition of autophagy (e.g., via ATG5/ATG7 knockout) can exacerbate AAD.
Autophagy activators like rapamycin and metformin show promise in delaying AAD progression.
Single-cell RNA sequencing provides new insights into AAD mechanisms.

Conclusions:

Targeting autophagy presents a potential novel therapeutic avenue for AAD.
Further research is needed to clarify the complex role of autophagy in AAD.
Overcoming current research challenges is crucial for advancing AAD treatment.