Analysis of Mortality in Unvaccinated Patients with COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Risk

Area of Science:

• Internal Medicine
• Cardiology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• COVID-19 poses a significant global health threat, causing millions of fatalities worldwide.
• Identifying high-risk patients early is essential for targeted interventions to reduce in-hospital mortality.
• Cardiovascular disease is a common comorbidity in severe COVID-19 cases.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify baseline laboratory parameters that predict in-hospital death in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular disease.
• To establish cut-off values for specific blood tests indicative of increased mortality risk.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 446 unvaccinated COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular disease from an initial cohort of 1234.
• Multivariate regression analysis was employed to determine independent predictors of in-hospital death.

Main Results:

• Elevated troponin (≥ 0.033 μg/L), creatinine (≥ 1.88 mg/dL), D-dimers (≥ 0.97 g/L), and C-reactive protein (≥ 0.89 mg/L) were identified as independent predictors of death.
• Odds ratios for these predictors ranged from 2.04 to 2.88, indicating significantly increased mortality risk.

Conclusions:

• Specific laboratory values can serve as crucial indicators for in-hospital mortality risk in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular disease.
• These findings support the use of routine blood tests to stratify risk and guide clinical management for improved patient outcomes.