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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Mouth01:26

Assessment of the Mouth

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A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
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Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives on Awake Bruxism Assessment: Expert Consensus Recommendations.

Alessandro Bracci1, Frank Lobbezoo2, Birgitta Häggman-Henrikson3

  • 1Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|September 9, 2022
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Summary

Awake bruxism (AB) behaviors are common in young adults, often linked to psychological traits and musculoskeletal symptoms. Smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) offers a promising method for studying AB frequency and characteristics.

Keywords:
awake bruxismbruxismecological momentary assessmentelectromyographymasticatory muscle activityself reportsleep bruxismtemporomandibular disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Medicine
  • Behavioral Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Awake bruxism (AB) is distinct from sleep bruxism (SB) regarding etiology, comorbidities, and consequences.
  • Limited literature exists on AB compared to SB.
  • Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and smartphone technology enhance data collection on AB in natural environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review current assessment approaches for awake bruxism (AB).
  • To provide future perspectives and research suggestions for AB.
  • To summarize recent findings on AB prevalence and associated factors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on awake bruxism (AB) assessment.
  • Utilizing ecological momentary assessment (EMA) strategies, including smartphone technologies.
  • Analysis of self-reported AB behaviors in natural environments.

Main Results:

  • Awake bruxism (AB) behaviors occur in 23-40% of healthy young adults.
  • Higher AB frequencies are reported by individuals with musculoskeletal symptoms.
  • Muscle bracing and teeth contact are common; teeth clenching is less frequent; teeth grinding is rare during wakefulness.

Conclusions:

  • Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) provides valuable insights into awake bruxism (AB).
  • Psychological traits and musculoskeletal symptoms are associated with increased AB frequency.
  • Further research is needed to refine AB assessment and understanding.