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Progressive Metabolic Abnormalities Associated with the Development of Neonatal Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Chengyin Ye1,2, Jinghua Wu1, Jonathan D Reiss2,3

  • 1Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311100, China.

Nutrients
|September 9, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This study identified key blood metabolic patterns in preterm infants that are associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) development. These metabolic differences may aid in early detection and management of BPD.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Metabolomics
  • Pediatric Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a significant complication in preterm infants, impacting long-term respiratory health.
  • Understanding the early metabolic alterations associated with BPD is crucial for developing effective interventions.
  • Longitudinal metabolic profiling offers insights into the pathogenesis of BPD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate longitudinal metabolic patterns in preterm infants and their association with the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
  • To identify specific amino acids (AA) and acylcarnitines (AC) that serve as biomarkers for BPD.
  • To develop a metabolic-based model for predicting BPD development.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving preterm infants (<32-week gestation) with and without BPD.
  • Measurement of 72 amino acid and acylcarnitine variables at multiple time points (days 1, 7, 28, 42).
  • Application of logistic regression, clustering, and random forest models to analyze metabolic data and clinical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • A panel of 27 metabolic variables showed longitudinal association with BPD development.
  • Significant alterations in amino acids and acylcarnitines were observed, with some metabolites down-regulated and others up-regulated in BPD infants.
  • A metabolic-based model combined with birth weight demonstrated predictive capability for BPD (c-statistics 0.869 at day 7, 0.841 at day 28).

Conclusions:

  • Specific blood metabolic profiles are associated with the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants.
  • The identified metabolic panel may facilitate early monitoring of metabolic status for BPD prevention and management.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the role of these metabolites in lung and systemic metabolic health in BPD.

Keywords:
acylcarnitineamino acidsneonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasianewborn metabolic profilingprematurity

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