A Thermal-Switchable Metamaterial Absorber Based on the Phase-Change Material of Vanadium Dioxide

This article presents a thermal-switchable metamaterial absorber (TSMA) based on the phase-change material of vanadium dioxide (VO₂). VO₂ thin film was deposited on sapphire substrate by magnetron sputtering followed by vacuum annealing treatment. Then, the prepared VO₂ film was sliced into tiny chips for thermal-switchable elements. The surface structure of TSMA was realized by loading four VO₂ chips into a square metallic loop. The absorption frequency of TSMA was located at 7.3 GHz at room temperature and switched to 6.8 GHz when the temperature was heated above the critical phase transition temperature of VO₂. A VO₂-based TSMA prototype was fabricated and measured to verify this design. The design is expected to be used in metasurface antennas, sensors, detectors, etc.