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Bacterial Surface Disturbances Affecting Cell Function during Exposure to Three-Compound Nanocomposites Based on
Agata Lange1, Ewa Sawosz1, Karolina Daniluk1
1Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 9, 2022
Summary
Three-component nanocomposites, particularly those based on graphene oxide (GO), show potent antibacterial activity against common pathogens. These advanced materials effectively damage bacterial membranes and deplete ATP, offering a promising strategy against drug-resistant microorganisms with reduced toxicity.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Antimicrobial drug resistance poses a significant global health threat.
- Developing novel antibacterial agents is crucial to combat resistant pathogens.
- Graphene-based nanomaterials offer unique properties for biomedical applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the antibacterial mechanisms of three-component nanocomposites based on graphene materials.
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of these nanocomposites against pathogenic bacteria.
- To understand the structure-activity relationship of graphene-based nanocomposites.
Main Methods:
- Physicochemical characterization: hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential, TEM, FT-IR.
- Antibacterial activity assessment: viability, colony forming units, conductivity, surface charge, cell wall integrity, ATP concentration, intracellular pH.
- Cytotoxicity evaluation: analysis of cytokine presence.
Main Results:
- Both graphene and graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites demonstrated significant antibacterial effects against *Enterobacter cloacae*, *Listeria monocytogenes*, *Salmonella enterica*, and *Staphylococcus aureus*.
- Nanocomposites induced substantial membrane damage and ATP depletion in bacteria.
- GO-based nanocomposites exhibited lower toxicity to the tested cell line compared to other formulations.
Conclusions:
- Three-component graphene and GO nanocomposites are effective antibacterial agents, surpassing the activity of single nanoparticles.
- The primary antibacterial mechanism involves membrane disruption and energy depletion.
- GO-based nanocomposites present a favorable safety profile, indicating their potential for therapeutic applications.
