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Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Optimization of Crystal Growth for Neutron Macromolecular Crystallography
Published on: March 13, 2021
Kinetic Phase Diagram for Nucleation and Growth of Competing Crystal Polymorphs in Charged Colloids
Willem Gispen1, Marjolein Dijkstra1
1Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CC, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
We determine the kinetic phase diagram for nucleation and growth of crystal phases in a suspension of charged colloids. Exploiting the seeding approach in extensive simulations, we calculate nucleation barrier heights for face-centered cubic (fcc) and body-centered cubic (bcc) phases for varying screening lengths and supersaturations. We determine for the entire metastable fluid region the crystal polymorph with the lowest nucleation barrier, and find a regime close to the triple point where metastable bcc can form due to a lower nucleation barrier, even though fcc is the stable phase. For higher supersaturation, we find that the difference in barrier heights decreases and we observe a mix of hexagonal close-packed, fcc, and bcc structures in the growth of crystalline seeds as well as in spontaneously formed crystals. Our kinetic phase diagram rationalizes the different crystallization mechanisms observed in previous work.
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