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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

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Published on: February 14, 2014

Association between inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive aging.

Yuan Fang¹, Margaret F Doyle², Jiachen Chen¹

¹Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.

|September 9, 2022

Summary

Inflammatory markers like soluble CD40L and myeloperoxidase (MPO) link to cognitive decline and brain changes. However, these immune markers did not predict dementia risk in this study.

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Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions

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Published on: April 23, 2021

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Immunology
Gerontology

Background:

Neuroinflammation is implicated in Alzheimer's Disease, dementia, and cognitive disorders.
Specific inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are linked to immune system responses and brain health.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association of 11 plasma proteins related to immune and inflammatory responses with cognitive function, brain MRI, and dementia risk.
To explore the role of immune system activation in abnormal brain aging.

Main Methods:

Examined Framingham Heart Study participants undergoing neuropsychological testing (n=2358), brain MRI (n=2100), and 10-year dementia risk follow-up (n=1616).
Assessed 11 plasma protein biomarkers using linear mixed-effects models for cognitive and MRI data, and Cox proportional hazards models for dementia risk.
Adjusted for APOE ε4 carrier status and cardiovascular risk factors, using false discovery rate for multiple testing.

Main Results:

Higher soluble CD40L and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels correlated with executive dysfunction.
Elevated CD5L was associated with smaller total brain volumes, while higher sRAGE was linked to larger total brain volumes.
No significant association was found between the studied inflammatory biomarkers and incident all-cause dementia risk.

Conclusions:

Activated immune system markers, specifically soluble CD40L and MPO, are associated with poorer cognitive performance and altered brain volumes.
CD5L and sRAGE show distinct associations with brain volume, suggesting complex roles in brain aging.
While immune markers are linked to cognitive and structural brain changes, they did not predict future dementia risk in this cohort.