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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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IntroductionThe management of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) aims to minimize myocardial damage, preserve myocardial function, and prevent complications.Initial ManagementInpatient management involves continuous cardiac monitoring, preferably in an ICU, focusing on blood pressure, serum sodium, potassium, and creatinine levels, and urine output. Ongoing pharmacologic management is crucial for stabilizing the patient.Supplemental Oxygen: Administer supplemental oxygen if oxygen saturation is...
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Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
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Updated: Aug 29, 2025

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 and the Injured Patient: A Multicenter Review.

Hazim Hakmi1, Shahidul Islam2, Patrizio Petrone1

  • 1Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Hospital-Long Island, Mineola, New York; NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York.

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COVID-19 significantly increased mortality and length of stay for trauma patients, even with lower injury severity scores (ISS). This highlights the severe impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on trauma care outcomes.

Keywords:
COVID-19OutcomesTrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) impacts surgical patient outcomes.
  • The effect of COVID-19 on trauma patient mortality and length of stay requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if COVID-19 is associated with increased mortality and longer hospital stays in trauma patients.
  • To compare outcomes between COVID-19 positive (COVID+) and COVID-19 negative (COVID-) trauma patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of trauma registries from two level 1 trauma centers.
  • Comparison of patient cohorts from March-June 2019 and March-June 2020 (during the first New York COVID-19 wave).
  • Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard models used to analyze mortality and length of stay.

Main Results:

  • COVID+ trauma patients (n=148) had higher mortality and longer length of stay compared to COVID- patients (n=436).
  • COVID+ patients presented with lower injury severity scores (ISS) but more comorbidities and adverse events.
  • C-reactive protein levels were higher in COVID+ patients; D-dimer and ferritin were unreliable indicators of severity.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 is linked to increased morbidity and mortality in trauma patients, irrespective of injury severity.
  • C-reactive protein may serve as a monitoring marker for COVID-19 in trauma patients.
  • Further research is needed to understand the physiological impact of COVID-19 on injured patients.