Longitudinal Analysis of Patient-Reported Cognitive Function in Multiple Myeloma

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Neuroscience
• Gerontology

Background:

• Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is understudied in multiple myeloma (MM).
• This study investigates patient-reported cognition and associated factors in MM patients over time.
• Understanding CRCI in MM is crucial for improving patient quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe longitudinal changes in patient-reported cognition in multiple myeloma (MM) patients.
• To identify patient factors associated with adverse cognitive outcomes in MM.
• To explore the relationship between CRCI and other health indicators in MM.

Main Methods:

• Longitudinal study of 104 MM patients using a registry and geriatric assessment.
• Cognitive function assessed via EORTC QLQ-C30 Cognitive Function subscale; CRCI defined as scores < 75.
• Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models used to analyze cognitive changes over time, adjusting for time since diagnosis.

Main Results:

• Patient-reported CRCI increased from 18% at enrollment to 30% at 6 months.
• Worse cognition correlated with impairments in physical function, IADLs, performance status, frailty, and depression.
• Greater cognitive decline was observed in patients without baseline CRCI and those with lower education levels.

Conclusions:

• This is one of the first studies to track patient-reported cognition longitudinally in MM.
• Physical function impairment and depression are linked to worse baseline cognition.
• Baseline CRCI status and education level predict future cognitive decline in MM patients.