Narratives of Genetic Selfhood

Area of Science:

• History and Philosophy of Science
• Evolutionary Biology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Mid-20th century saw increased focus on genetic explanations for biological phenomena.
• This period coincided with the consolidation of the neo-Darwinian Synthesis in evolutionary theory.
• A prevailing narrative of genetic selfhood emerged, emphasizing random variation and competitive selection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine the adoption of genetic explanations for nutritional adaptation, antibiotic resistance, and antibody production.
• To analyze how this trend aligned with and reinforced the concept of genetic selfhood.
• To explore the tension between this narrative and observed biological adaptation.

Main Methods:

• Historical analysis of scientific literature and theoretical frameworks.
• Examination of the influence of the Central Dogma of molecular biology.
• Consideration of philosophical reflections on narrative and scientific experimentation.

Main Results:

• The ascendant narrative of genetic selfhood marginalized physiological and environmental adaptation.
• This narrative was supported by the Central Dogma and aligned with liberal political thought.
• Reconciling biological observations with this narrative necessitated modifications to the concept of the gene, including non-Mendelian inheritance.

Conclusions:

• The mid-20th century emphasis on genetic selfhood shaped the interpretation of biological adaptation.
• This historical perspective highlights the interplay between scientific narratives, political thought, and biological discovery.
• Understanding this historical friction is crucial for a nuanced view of organismal adaptation.