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The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
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Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
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Weizmannia faecalis sp. nov., isolated from a human stool sample.

Hoang Thong Kieu1,2, Thi Phuong Thao Pham1,2, Cheikh Ibrahima Lo2

  • 1Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.

Archives of Microbiology
|September 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A new bacterial species, Weizmannia faecalis, was identified from human feces using culturomics. This Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium expands the Weizmannia genus with its unique genetic and phenotypic characteristics.

Keywords:
CulturomicsGut microbiotaNew speciesTaxono-genomicsWeizmannia faecalis sp. nov.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacteriology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • The culturomics approach enables the isolation and characterization of previously unknown bacterial strains.
  • The Weizmannia genus includes bacteria with significant roles in various environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize a novel bacterial strain from human feces.
  • To classify the new strain within the Weizmannia genus based on phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of strain Marseille-P8953T using the culturomics approach.
  • 16S rRNA gene sequencing and whole-genome analysis for phylogenetic placement.
  • Determination of phenotypic characteristics including Gram staining, spore formation, and motility.

Main Results:

  • Strain Marseille-P8953T, isolated from healthy human feces, is Gram-positive, spore-forming, and motile.
  • 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Weizmannia coagulans NBRC 12583T is 99.2%.
  • Genomic analysis revealed Average Nucleotide Identity by Orthology (ANIO) of 95% and digital DNA-DNA Hybridization (dDDH) of 60.4% with its closest relative.

Conclusions:

  • Strain Marseille-P8953T represents a new species within the Weizmannia genus.
  • The proposed name for the new species is Weizmannia faecalis (CSUR P8953T = CECT 9904T).
  • This discovery contributes to the understanding of bacterial diversity in the human gut microbiome.