Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

749
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
749
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

3.4K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
3.4K
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

1.0K
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
1.0K
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

636
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
636
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

4.4K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
4.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Diagnostic delay, misdiagnosis, and patient-reported psychosocial burden among Chinese individuals with McCune-Albright syndrome: a national cross-sectional survey.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases·2026
Same author

Multi-Field Coupled Cyclic Degradation Mechanisms of Alumina Ceramic Fiber Ropes.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Efficacy of robot-assisted stereotactic aspiration in moderate basal ganglia hemorrhage: a retrospective cohort study.

Frontiers in surgery·2026
Same author

Regulated Cell Death in Prostate Cancer: Immunometabolic Crosstalk, Therapeutic Resistance, and Biomarker-Guided Combination Strategies.

Cancers·2026
Same author

Dual inhibition of tubulin and DNMT by the novel letermovir derivative H62 blocks leukemia.

Biochemical pharmacology·2026
Same author

Corrigendum to " Knockdown of TRPM2 promotes osteogenic differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells by modulating NF-κB /NLRP3 pathway", Tissue Cell, 2023, 84: 102184.

Tissue & cell·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood
09:47

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Published on: November 21, 2014

13.1K

Grouping T-Cell Antigen Receptors by Specificity.

Chunlin Wang1, Huang Huang2, Mark M Davis2,3,4

  • 1Institute of Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. chunlin@me.com.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|September 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Grouping T-cell receptors (TCRs) by similar CDR3 sequences effectively clusters them by specificity. The GLIPH algorithm offers a method for this TCR clustering, aiding in understanding immune responses.

Keywords:
CDR3ClusteringGLIPHSpecificityTCR

More Related Videos

Visualizing Antigen Specific CD4+ T Cells using MHC Class II Tetramers
15:42

Visualizing Antigen Specific CD4+ T Cells using MHC Class II Tetramers

Published on: March 6, 2009

21.9K
Using X-ray Crystallography, Biophysics, and Functional Assays to Determine the Mechanisms Governing T-cell Receptor Recognition of Cancer Antigens
09:53

Using X-ray Crystallography, Biophysics, and Functional Assays to Determine the Mechanisms Governing T-cell Receptor Recognition of Cancer Antigens

Published on: February 6, 2017

11.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood
09:47

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Published on: November 21, 2014

13.1K
Visualizing Antigen Specific CD4+ T Cells using MHC Class II Tetramers
15:42

Visualizing Antigen Specific CD4+ T Cells using MHC Class II Tetramers

Published on: March 6, 2009

21.9K
Using X-ray Crystallography, Biophysics, and Functional Assays to Determine the Mechanisms Governing T-cell Receptor Recognition of Cancer Antigens
09:53

Using X-ray Crystallography, Biophysics, and Functional Assays to Determine the Mechanisms Governing T-cell Receptor Recognition of Cancer Antigens

Published on: February 6, 2017

11.5K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • T-cell receptors (TCRs) mediate adaptive immunity by recognizing antigens.
  • The complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) of the TCR is a key determinant of antigen specificity.
  • Clustering TCRs based on CDR3 sequence similarity is a promising approach to group them by specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the GLIPH algorithm for clustering TCRs.
  • To provide instructions for utilizing GLIPH algorithms to group TCRs based on CDR3 sequence similarity.
  • To facilitate the analysis of TCR repertoire data by enabling specificity-based clustering.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the GLIPH algorithm, a computational tool for TCR sequence analysis.
  • Grouping TCR sequences based on the similarity of their CDR3 regions.
  • Applying three distinct versions of the GLIPH algorithm for TCR clustering.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that grouping TCRs by CDR3 sequence similarity effectively clusters them according to specificity.
  • Provided a methodological framework for applying GLIPH algorithms to TCR specificity clustering.
  • Enabled the potential for large-scale analysis of TCR repertoires.

Conclusions:

  • TCR CDR3 sequence similarity is a viable metric for clustering TCRs by specificity.
  • The GLIPH algorithm provides a robust computational method for achieving this clustering.
  • This approach has significant implications for immunological research and the study of immune responses.