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SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients with autoimmune hepatitis

Cumali Efe1, Koray Taşçılar2, Alessio Gerussi3

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Harran University Hospital, Şanlıurfa, Turkey.

Journal of Autoimmunity
|September 11, 2022
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduces severe outcomes in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Vaccinated AIH patients experienced lower rates of hospitalization, oxygen need, and mortality from COVID-19 compared to unvaccinated individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Limited data exists on Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes in vaccinated autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) patients.
  • This study evaluates COVID-19 outcomes in AIH patients who received at least one dose of an mRNA or viral vector vaccine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare COVID-19 outcomes between vaccinated and unvaccinated AIH patients.
  • To assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on COVID-19 severity and mortality in AIH.
  • To provide data on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in an immunocompromised population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated AIH patients with COVID-19.
  • COVID-19 outcomes were classified into six severity levels, from no hospitalization to death.
  • Ordinal logistic regression was used for data analysis, adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, and cirrhosis.

Main Results:

  • A total of 413 AIH patients (155 vaccinated, 258 unvaccinated) were included.
  • Vaccinated patients showed significantly lower rates of hospitalization (14.2% vs. 36.4%), need for oxygen (9% vs. 29.5%), and mortality (0.6% vs. 7%).
  • SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was associated with a significantly reduced risk of severe COVID-19 (aOR 0.18) and mortality (aOR 0.20).

Conclusions:

  • SARS-CoV-2 vaccination significantly reduces the risk of COVID-19 severity in patients with AIH.
  • Vaccination is associated with a significantly lower risk of mortality from COVID-19 in AIH patients.
  • These findings highlight the importance of COVID-19 vaccination for AIH patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
AutoimmunityBreakthrough infectionImmunosuppressionLiver failureVaccine

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