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This study compares a coupled wave-ice model's marginal ice zone (MIZ) extent with satellite data. The model shows good agreement, particularly in winter, but underestimates autumn MIZ extent, suggesting areas for model improvement.

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Area of Science:

  • Oceanography
  • Climate Science
  • Sea Ice Physics

Background:

  • The marginal ice zone (MIZ) is a critical region for energy and momentum exchange between the ocean and atmosphere.
  • Accurate modeling of MIZ dynamics is essential for understanding Arctic climate change and its impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of a 25 km resolution coupled wave-ice model in representing the MIZ extent.
  • To compare model outputs with pan-Arctic sea-ice data derived from ICESat-2 altimetry.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a coupled wave-ice model with a 25 km resolution.
  • Defined MIZ based on monthly maximum wave height.
  • Compared model results with ICESat-2 derived sea-ice regions (December 2018-May 2020).
  • Developed evaluation metrics accounting for sparse satellite data coverage.

Main Results:

  • The model's MIZ extent generally aligns with observations, showing better agreement during winter.
  • A sensitivity study indicated a need for strong wave attenuation in thick ice and weaker attenuation during ice formation.
  • The model underestimates MIZ extent in autumn, potentially due to limited wave growth in partially ice-covered areas or overestimated sea-ice concentration.

Conclusions:

  • The coupled wave-ice model demonstrates reasonable skill in simulating MIZ extent, especially in winter conditions.
  • Model underestimation in autumn highlights the need to refine processes like wave growth and sea-ice concentration representation.
  • Wave-induced ice fragmentation appears to have a minor impact on ice dynamics at the investigated climate scales.