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Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Physical, Chemical and Biological Characterization of Six Biochars Produced for the Remediation of Contaminated Sites
Published on: November 28, 2014
Insights into olation reaction-driven coagulation and adsorption: A pathway for exploiting the surface properties of
Fulin Shao1, Jingtao Xu1, Feiyong Chen2
1School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China.
Abstract:
In this study, characterization of biochar for the efficient removal of cadmium was investigated. Biochar has a specific distribution of functional groups on its surface and has a natural electronegativity. Using carbonate as an olation reagent, the biochar coagulates with the olation reaction products. The maximum removal capacity reached 430.4 mg/g at pH = 4 (Langmuir Fit). Carbonate hydrolyzed on the surface of biochar, Cd2+ in solution undergoes olation with OH- and forms specially structured nanochains that are positively charged on the surface. The biochar with electronegativity on the surface coagulates with the cadmium hydroxide nanochains, and the cadmium-containing colloid formed by electrostatic attraction settles rapidly and removed. The biochar's re-flocculation performance was consistent, and the loadings could be changed to effectively remove cadmium while keeping the pH neutral at equilibrium.
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