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The Moroccan MoCA test: Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation
Noumidia Khatib1, Ibtissam El Harch2, Abdelaziz Lamkaddem1
1Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
Purpose:
Dementia includes all the symptoms associated with declining mental and cognitive skills, resulting in an inability to perform daily activities.
Objectives:
We aimed to translate and adapt the Montréal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test into the Moroccan cultural context. We compared the sensitivity and specificity between MoCA and Mini-Mental State of Folstein (MMS) in the screening of dementia.
Materials And Methods:
The participants in this study were residents in the Fez-Meknes region and over 50 years old. We performed translation and adaptation of the English MoCA 8.1 version into all Moroccan languages: Darija, Tamazight in its three variants (Tachelhit, Tarifit, Atlas Tamazight), and Arabic. We validated Moroccan MoCA according to the Beaton et al. instructions.
Results:
The sensitivity, specificity, and alpha Cronbach of the MoCA test were 88.5, 93.8%, and 0.87, while they were 90.2, 90.8%, and 0.79 for the MMS test.
Conclusion:
The Moroccan MoCA test had high sensitivity, specificity, and internal reliability compared to the MMS test. The availability of the MoCA in the Moroccan language will be helpful in the screening of dementia and research studies in Morocco and other countries.
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