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Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
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Social Anxiety Disorder

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Published on: April 22, 2015

[Autism Spectrum Disorders: What the COVID-19 Pandemic Has Taught Us].

Serban Ionescu¹, Colette Jourdan-Ionescu²

¹Laboratoire CHArt - EA4004 Université Paris 8 - Saint-Denis, 93200 Saint-Denis, France.

Annales Medico-Psychologiques

|September 12, 2022

Summary

The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), increasing health risks and behavioral issues. However, some experienced unexpected benefits like reduced anxiety and improved social interactions due to altered routines.

Keywords:

Autism Autism Spectrum Disorder Confinement Covid-19 Result Risk Vaccination

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Published on: September 20, 2024

Area of Science:

Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Public Health
Psychiatry

Context:

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic presented unique challenges for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
People with ASD, particularly those with co-occurring intellectual disabilities, faced heightened risks of infection and prolonged hospitalization.
Biological factors (elevated cytokines, reduced melatonin) and psychological aspects of ASD contributed to increased vulnerability.

Purpose:

To analyze the multifaceted consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and its preventive measures on individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
To examine both the adverse and unexpected positive effects of the pandemic on the clinical presentation and well-being of individuals with ASD.
To discuss vaccine hesitancy in the context of misinformation linking vaccines to autism.

Summary:

The pandemic exacerbated sleep disturbances, behavioral issues, and stereotypies in individuals with ASD, alongside increased parental distress.
Unexpected positive outcomes, termed 'paradoxical effects,' included improved communication, reduced anxiety, and enhanced happiness due to greater routine control.
These benefits were attributed to factors like reduced school attendance, decreased sensory and social overload, and increased time at home.

Impact:

Highlights the complex and often contradictory impact of global health crises on vulnerable neurodevelopmental populations.
Informs strategies for supporting individuals with ASD during and after pandemics, focusing on mitigating risks and leveraging beneficial environmental changes.
Addresses the critical need to combat misinformation regarding vaccine safety and its relation to autism spectrum disorder.