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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

302
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
302
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

315
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

188
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
188
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

227
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
227
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

414
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
414

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Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Screening Salmonella in Animal Food and Confirming Salmonella from Culture Isolation
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Tuberculosis-loop-mediated isothermal amplification implementation in Cameroon: Challenges, lessons learned and

Valerie F Donkeng-Donfack1, Suzanne M Ongoulal1, Yvonne J Djieugoue1

  • 1Mycobacteriology Unit, National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

African Journal of Laboratory Medicine
|September 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculosis loop-mediated isothermal amplification (TB-LAMP) improved early detection in Cameroon. Implementing TB-LAMP enhanced molecular diagnostics access, increasing tuberculosis case notification, especially in remote areas.

Keywords:
TB-LAMPimplementationmolecular testnotificationroll out

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Infectious Disease Control
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Microscopy was the primary tool for pulmonary tuberculosis detection in Cameroon until 2016.
  • Limited sensitivity of microscopy necessitated the implementation of molecular assays for improved tuberculosis case detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the implementation and impact of tuberculosis loop-mediated isothermal amplification (TB-LAMP) in Cameroon.
  • To assess TB-LAMP's role in improving tuberculosis diagnosis and case notification.

Main Methods:

  • TB-LAMP, a WHO-recommended rapid molecular diagnostic test, was rolled out in Cameroon starting in 2017.
  • It was implemented as a replacement for microscopy and as a follow-on test for smear-negative specimens.

Main Results:

  • TB-LAMP detected tuberculosis in 14.77% of sputum-smear-negative individuals in 2019.
  • Using TB-LAMP with Xpert MTB/RIF for mass screening reduced turnaround time by 73.23% compared to Xpert alone.

Conclusions:

  • Scaling up TB-LAMP increased access to molecular tuberculosis diagnosis in remote settings, improving case notification.
  • A suitable sample transport system is recommended to further enhance notification and optimize TB-LAMP instrument use.