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Related Concept Videos

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

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Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Coronary Circulation01:21

Coronary Circulation

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The heart, an organ critical to survival, gets nourishment not from the blood it pumps but from a separate circulation system known as coronary circulation. This is the shortest circulation in the body and is responsible for supplying the heart with the nutrients it needs to function effectively.
Coronary circulation begins at the base of the aorta, where two main arteries arise—the left and right coronary arteries. These arteries encircle the heart in the coronary sulcus and supply the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Direct Re-implantation of Left Coronary Artery into the Aorta in Adults with Anomalous Origin of Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery ALCAPA
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Double coronary anomaly: A case report.

Maria Inês Barradas1, Fabiana Duarte1, Raquel Dourado1

  • 1Hospital do Divino Espírito Santo de Ponta Delgada, E.P.E., Ponta Delgada, São Miguel, Portugal.

Journal of Cardiology Cases
|September 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of exertional angina in a 37-year-old female revealed a unique coronary anomaly. This involved an anomalous right coronary artery originating from the left anterior descending artery and forming a fistula with the pulmonary artery.

Keywords:
ARCA, anomalous origin of the right coronary arteryAnomalous origin of the right coronary arteryCTA, computed tomography angiographyChest painCongenital heart defectCoronary fistulaCoronary vessel anomalyCx, circumflex arteryDouble coronary anomalyECG, electrocardiogramICA, invasive coronary angiographyLAD, left anterior descending coronary arteryLM, left main coronary arteryPA, pulmonary arteryPDA, posterior descending arteryRCA, right coronary arteryRI, ramus intermedius

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

  • Coronary artery anomalies are often asymptomatic but can cause significant cardiac events.
  • Multiple coronary anomalies occurring together are exceptionally rare.

Observation:

  • A 37-year-old female presented with exertional angina.
  • Diagnostic imaging revealed a unique coronary artery anomaly.

Findings:

  • The patient had an anomalous right coronary artery originating from the left anterior descending artery.
  • A fistula was identified between this anomalous coronary artery and the pulmonary artery.

Implications:

  • Coronary anomalies should be considered in young patients with unexplained myocardial ischemia.
  • This case highlights a rare combination of coronary anomalies presenting with angina.