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Sickness presenteeism explained by balancing perceived positive and negative effects.

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Workers often choose sickness presenteeism due to perceived work-related benefits like meeting deadlines. This study reveals individuals weigh both positive and negative consequences before deciding to work while ill.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Sickness presenteeism research often overlooks perceived consequences.
  • Few studies jointly examine the beneficial and harmful effects of working while ill.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between experienced/expected consequences and sickness presenteeism.
  • To simultaneously consider positive and negative effects of presenteeism to understand the individual trade-off process.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional online survey of 591 working adults in Germany.
  • Participants rated specific experienced or potential consequences of working while sick.
  • Assessed overall judgment of effects and attendance behavior.

Main Results:

  • Perceptions of consequences align with actual presenteeism behavior.
  • Work-related factors, such as task completion and deadlines, are primary drivers for presenteeism.
  • Specific consequences significantly explain attendance behavior and overall effect assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals simultaneously weigh the benefits and costs of sickness presenteeism.
  • Findings support the Health Belief Model and Expectancy Value Theory of work motivation.
  • Understanding perceived consequences is crucial for addressing presenteeism.