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Laparoscopy-endoscopy Cooperative Surgery for the Treatment of Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

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Published on: February 19, 2022

Primary gastric leiomyosarcoma presenting as a giant polyp.

Cristiana Sequeira¹, Mariana Coelho¹, Inês Santos²

¹Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, Portugal.

Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas

|September 12, 2022

Summary

A rare gastric leiomyosarcoma presented as a large polypoid lesion in a patient with a history of hereditary retinoblastoma. This unusual case highlights a double rarity, with severe anemia caused by the gastric fundus tumor.

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Oncology
Pathology

Background:

Hereditary retinoblastoma survivors treated with radiotherapy are at increased risk for secondary malignancies.
Gastric leiomyosarcomas are rare mesenchymal tumors of the stomach.

Observation:

A 35-year-old woman with a history of hereditary retinoblastoma presented with severe iron deficiency anemia.
Endoscopic evaluation revealed a large (5-cm) polypoid lesion in the gastric fundus.
Histological examination suggested a sarcoma with muscular differentiation.

Findings:

The patient was diagnosed with primary gastric leiomyosarcoma after exclusion of metastatic disease.
The tumor originated from the muscularis mucosa of the gastric fundus.
The leiomyosarcoma was the cause of the patient's severe anemia.

Implications:

This case underscores the importance of considering rare gastrointestinal malignancies in patients with a history of radiation exposure.
The presentation of gastric leiomyosarcoma as a polypoid lesion causing anemia is exceptionally uncommon.
Further research into the long-term oncologic risks in hereditary retinoblastoma survivors is warranted.