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Rectal Temperature Cooling Using 2 Cold-Water Immersion Preparation Strategies
Kevin C Miller1, Ethan D Launstein2, Rachel M Glovatsky2
1Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos.
Journal of Athletic Training
|September 12, 2022
Summary
Adding ice to warm water rapidly cools patients with exertional heatstroke (EHS), matching the effectiveness of pre-chilled water. This method saves time and resources in emergency cooling situations.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Environmental Physiology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Cold-water immersion (CWI) is critical for treating exertional heatstroke (EHS).
- Expert recommendations advise immersing EHS patients in 1.7°C–15°C water within 30 minutes of collapse.
- Current practices involve pre-filling tubs, but the efficacy of adding ice during emergencies is unstudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare cooling rates between a 10°C water bath (CON) and a 17°C bath with added ice (ICE).
- To assess perceptual responses during and after cooling in both conditions.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of immediate ice addition for emergency cooling.
Main Methods:
- A crossover study design was employed in a laboratory setting.
- Twelve participants underwent exercise in heat until rectal temperature reached 39.5°C.
- Participants were then immersed in either CON or ICE conditions until rectal temperature dropped to 38°C.
Main Results:
- Cooling rates were similar between CON (0.20°C/min) and ICE (0.21°C/min) conditions.
- Exercise duration and post-exercise thermal/symptom scores were comparable across conditions.
- Perceptual responses during and after cooling did not significantly differ between the CON and ICE groups.
Conclusions:
- Adding ice to a warmer water bath effectively achieves rapid cooling for exertional heatstroke patients.
- This approach offers a practical and efficient alternative to maintaining pre-chilled water baths.
- Immediate ice addition can save time, energy, and resources during EHS emergencies.
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