Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI

416
Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
416
The Mammary Glands01:12

The Mammary Glands

1000
The female breast is a hemispheric projection of variable size positioned anterior to the pectoralis major and serratus anterior muscles. A fascia layer composed of dense, irregular connective tissue connects it to these muscles.
Each breast features a pigmented projection known as the nipple, through which milk emerges via closely spaced openings of ducts, referred to as lactiferous ducts. Surrounding the nipple is a circular pigmented area of skin named the areola, which appears rough due to...
1000
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

461
The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
461
Angina III: Clinical Manifestations and Assessment01:29

Angina III: Clinical Manifestations and Assessment

19
Angina manifests as chest pain, tightness, or squeezing discomfort typically located behind the breastbone. It can radiate to the neck, jaw, shoulders, and inner aspects of the upper arms, most commonly the left arm. Patients may experience shortness of breath, fatigue, profuse sweating, dizziness, indigestion, heartburn, palpitations, anxiety, and vomiting as accompanying symptoms. This pain often lasts a few minutes and is triggered by physical exertion, emotional stress, heavy meals, or cold...
19
Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

5.6K
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
5.6K
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

363
Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
363

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Community Engagement Methods for an Urgency Urinary Incontinence Trial.

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same author

The Difference in Surgical Waste and Unused Surgical Supplies in Breast Surgery Done at Ambulatory Surgical Center vs Hospital.

The American surgeon·2026
Same author

Improvements Can be Made in Surgical Waste and Unused Surgical Supplies in Breast Surgery Done at Ambulatory Surgical Centers and Hospitals.

The American surgeon·2026
Same author

Increased Mortality with Intermediate Ascitic Polymorphonuclear Cell Counts Amongst Patients with Cirrhosis: Time to Redefine the Care Approach.

Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology·2025
Same author

Feasibility, Acceptability, and Satisfaction of a Lifestyle Intervention for Post-Transplant Weight Loss.

Transplantation proceedings·2025
Same author

Systematic evaluation of de novo mutation calling tools using whole genome sequencing data.

Briefings in bioinformatics·2025
Same journal

Characteristics of Children Seeking Care at School-Based Health Centers.

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM·2026
Same journal

An Analysis of Common Questions and Concerns of Older Adults with Multiple Chronic Conditions.

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM·2026
Same journal

Primary HPV Testing for Cervical Cancer Screening Among Family Medicine Educators.

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM·2026
Same journal

"Hard Fork" for Family Medicine - Artificial Intelligence Will Change the Way We Experience Practice.

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM·2026
Same journal

The Importance of Primary Care Subject Matter Experts: Output Quality in Large Language Models Prompt Engineering.

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM·2026
Same journal

Daily Nutrient Intake and Inflammation Among US Adults.

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns
13:44

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns

Published on: August 30, 2013

43.0K

Mastalgia is Not An Indication for Mammogram.

Ian K Komenaka1, Jesse Nodora2, Maria Elena Martinez2

  • 1From Valleywise Health/Maricopa Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ (IKK, JN, MEM, CH, TW, AS, DMC); Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ(IK); Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson (IKK, CH); Moores UCSD Cancer Center, San Diego, CA (JN, MEM); Mel and Enid Zuckerman Arizona College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (CH); Maricopa Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ (TW, AS, DMC) Komenaka@hotmail.com.

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM
|September 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Breast pain (mastalgia) is rarely a sign of breast cancer. Imaging for breast pain in women under 40 without other symptoms is not recommended, as it rarely detects cancer.

Keywords:
Breast CancerEvidence-Based MedicineHealth LiteracyLow-Value CareMastalgiaRadiologyRetrospective Studies

More Related Videos

Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging
15:48

Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: December 15, 2014

22.6K
Evaluation of Mammary Gland Development and Function in Mouse Models
08:51

Evaluation of Mammary Gland Development and Function in Mouse Models

Published on: July 21, 2011

37.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns
13:44

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns

Published on: August 30, 2013

43.0K
Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging
15:48

Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: December 15, 2014

22.6K
Evaluation of Mammary Gland Development and Function in Mouse Models
08:51

Evaluation of Mammary Gland Development and Function in Mouse Models

Published on: July 21, 2011

37.6K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Breast Health

Background:

  • Mastalgia is a frequent breast symptom causing patient anxiety.
  • The association between mastalgia and breast cancer requires careful evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if mastalgia is an indicator of breast cancer.
  • To assess the diagnostic yield and benefit of workup for mastalgia.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from 8960 patients.
  • Data included patient-reported mastalgia and confirmed breast cancer diagnoses.
  • Study conducted at a safety-net institution from June 2006 to December 2020.

Main Results:

  • Out of 8960 patients, 31% reported mastalgia; only 0.7% of these had breast cancer.
  • Breast cancer was diagnosed in 20 patients, with a mean age of 49 years.
  • Cancer Detection Rate (CDR) was low for patients under 40 (0.9/1000) but higher for those 40+ (10-14/1000).

Conclusions:

  • Mastalgia alone is infrequently associated with breast cancer.
  • Routine breast imaging for mastalgia in patients under 40 without other findings is not advised.
  • Further workup for breast pain beyond age-appropriate screening mammography is generally not warranted.