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Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

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Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
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Dissociative Identity Disorder01:30

Dissociative Identity Disorder

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Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...
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Dissociative Disorders01:27

Dissociative Disorders

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Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
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Repressed Memory01:16

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Repressed memories are a psychological phenomenon where memories of traumatic events are unconsciously blocked from a person's awareness. This process occurs as a defense mechanism, protecting the mind from the emotional impact of distressing or painful experiences. For example, a person who has experienced childhood trauma may grow up with no conscious recollection of the event. In such cases, the memories are thought to be buried deep within the subconscious, inaccessible to the conscious...
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Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
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[Multiphasic time: Representations, modelisation and dynamics: Putting time back in motion after traumatic violence].

S Tordjman1

  • 1Pôle hospitalo-universitaire de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent (PHUPEA), centre hospitalier Guillaume-Régnier, Université de Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France; Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center (INCC), CNRS UMR 8002, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a multiphasic time model, explaining how past, present, and future influence individual perceptions and responses. It offers new therapeutic approaches for trauma by helping individuals move from frozen time to dynamic temporality.

Keywords:
Frozen timeMobilisation psychiqueMultiphasic timePsychic mobilizationPsychotraumaPsychotraumatismeTemps figéTemps multiphasiqueTraumatic violenceViolence traumatique

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Trauma Studies
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Individual perceptions and responses are shaped by personal history, environment, and psychobiological states.
  • Past experiences, even unexpressed, significantly influence present and future reactions across generations.
  • The perception of the present is a dynamic interplay between past memories and future projections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a multiphasic time model integrating past, present, and future.
  • To explore the impact of personal history and environment on individual perceptions and reactions.
  • To propose new therapeutic perspectives for understanding and treating traumatic violence.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a multiphasic time model.
  • Analysis of the influence of personal history, environment, and psychobiological states on perception and reactivity.
  • Application of the model to understanding and treating trauma, particularly the concept of 'frozen time'.

Main Results:

  • The multiphasic time model highlights the continuous interrelation of past, present, and future in individual representations.
  • Traumatic experiences can lead to a perception of 'frozen time,' disrupting temporal continuity.
  • Therapeutic interventions can facilitate a transition from 'frozen time' to dynamic, multiphasic time, enabling individuals to reconnect with past and future.

Conclusions:

  • The multiphasic time model provides a framework for understanding the temporal disruptions caused by trauma.
  • Therapy can help individuals move from a state of suspended, frozen time to a dynamic, flowing temporality.
  • Re-establishing temporal continuity is crucial for psychic and existential healing after trauma.